✨Kinds of sentences ✨
The kinds of sentences are classified into two groups.
1.On the basis of the structure.
(ರಚನೆಯ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಿಂದ)
2.On the basis of the function.
(ಅರ್ಥದ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಿಂದ)
On the basis of the structure of the sentences (ರಚನೆಯ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಿಂದ) are classified into three types.
1. Simple sentence
(ಸರಳ ವಾಕ್ಯ)
2. Compound sentence (ಸಂಯೋಜಿತ ವಾಕ್ಯ)
3. Complex sentence. (ಮಿಶ್ರವಾಕ್ಯ)
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1.Simple sentence
The sentences which contain a complete independent action. Such sentences are called simple sentences.
(ಪೂರ್ಣ ಕ್ರಿಯಾಪದವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುವ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ವಾಕ್ಯವನ್ನು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಅಥವಾ ಸರಳ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಎನ್ನುತ್ತಾರೆ.)
Examples -
1. Rohini likes to play.
2. She plays on the ground.
3. Ramesh meets his friends.
4. He likes to sit on a tree.
5. Suhani eats an apple.
6. She loves to visit the seashore.
7. Britishers ruled India.
8.The freedom fighters fought against the Britishers.
9. Ratan lives with his grandparents.
10.We celebrate Ganesh Chaturthi at our school.
In the above sentences each sentence has contained a complete and independent action.
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2.Compound Sentence
(ಸಂಯೋಜಿತ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಅಥವಾ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ವಾಕ್ಯ)
👉The sentences which contain two independent actions or two main clauses (ಪ್ರಧಾನ ವಾಕ್ಯಗಳು) are called the compound sentences.
ಅನೇಕ ಪ್ರಧಾನ ವಾಕ್ಯಗಳು ಸೇರಿ ಒಂದು ವಾಕ್ಯವಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಅದನ್ನು ಸಂಯೋಜಿತ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಅಥವಾ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಎನ್ನುತ್ತಾರೆ.
He studied hard.
(Main clause)
He passed the exam.
(Main clause)
Main clause + Main clause =
Compound Sentence
He studied hard and passed the exam.
(Compound Sentence)
Examples of compound sentence
Use of 'and' (ಮತ್ತು)
1.He played well and won the gold medal.
2.Ram and Shyam both are clever.
3.He is playing football and his brother is playing cricket.
Use of 'but' (ಆದರೆ)
1.She was strong but lost the match.
2.Ramesh was tired but he was still working.
3.He tried a lot but failed in the exam.
Use of 'Otherwise'(ಇಲ್ಲಾದರೆ)
1.Keep quiet otherwise leave the class.
2.Come in time otherwise you will be punished.
3.Practice well otherwise you will lose the match.
In the above sentences we have seen that some linking words are used to link the two sentences. These words are as follows.
👉And , therefore , otherwise ,but ,not only……….. but also,as well as, else ,yet etc. are used as linking words.
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3.Complex sentence
(ಮಿಶ್ರ ವಾಕ್ಯ)
👉The sentences which contain a main clause (ಪ್ರಧಾನ ವಾಕ್ಯ) and one or more subordinate clauses are called complex sentences.
ಒಂದು ಅಥವಾ ಅನೇಕ ಉಪ ವಾಕ್ಯಗಳು ಒಂದು ಪ್ರಧಾನ ವಾಕ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಅಧೀನವಾಗಿದ್ದರೆ ಅಂತಹ ವಾಕ್ಯವನ್ನು ಮಿಶ್ರ ವಾಕ್ಯ ಎನ್ನುತ್ತಾರೆ.
1.He called me, when I was in sleep.
2.She always asks questions, whenever I meet her.
3.Rohan felt bad, when he slipped on the floor.
4.He caught a fish, while swimming.
5.Close the door, before the mosquitoes enter the home.
6.Put off the lights before going to bed.
7.Since living in Mumbai,they have earned lots of money.
8.He lost his father because he wouldn't get a proper treatment.
In the above sentences when whenever, while, before, because, which, still, therefore, since such words are used to link the subordinate clauses with a main clause.
👉He called me, when I was in sleep.
The sentences which use these words are subordinate clauses.
The remaining sentence is the main clause.
In the aboves example when I was in sleep. This is the subordinate clause.
He called me. is the main clause.
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